Structural Measurement Atlas
Atlas / Measurement types / Foliation

Foliation measurements

194,290 foliation measurements from published US geologic maps, recorded as strike and dip and cited to the map each came from — 24% of the Atlas.

Show only foliation on the map

What it is

Foliation is a pervasive planar fabric in a deformed or metamorphosed rock: aligned micas, flattened grains, compositional banding, or the parting that alignment produces. Unlike bedding it is not a depositional surface — it is a strain feature, and it develops perpendicular to the direction of maximum shortening.

The term covers a family. Schistosity is coarse enough to see mineral flakes; gneissic banding is compositional segregation at a coarser scale still; in low-grade rocks the same fabric grades into cleavage. Published maps vary in how finely they split these, and the Atlas preserves the publisher's own term on every record card even where the type assigned here is the broader one.

Where foliation and bedding are both recorded at a station, the angle between them is the measurement that matters: it says where you are relative to a fold hinge.

How the Atlas records it

Every foliation row carries an azimuth and an inclination in one convention (right-hand-rule strike and dip), a position in WGS 84 with the publisher's own location confidence, the raw type term as the source published it, and the citation of the source map. Selections export as CSV with a companion sources.csv of citations.

Which sources have it

Where it is

StateMeasurementsShare
California 31,93116%
Colorado 31,67916%
Washington 21,77211%
Vermont 14,0037%
Wyoming 9,7735%
New Hampshire 8,9205%
Maine 8,8615%
Connecticut 8,8015%
North Carolina 8,0714%
Idaho 7,9244%
Alaska 7,1854%
Virginia 6,9134%
Montana 5,4363%
South Dakota 5,4163%
Nevada 4,3612%
Arizona 2,7211%
South Carolina 2,2911%
New York 2,1571%
Oregon 1,319<1%
Minnesota 1,287<1%
Georgia 780<1%
New Mexico 696<1%
Pennsylvania 541<1%
Wisconsin 241<1%
Maryland 182<1%
New Jersey 171<1%
Massachusetts 133<1%
Missouri 127<1%
Michigan 122<1%
Utah 62<1%
Rhode Island 14<1%
District of Columbia 14<1%
Tennessee 4<1%

Most-measured published maps

Published mapYearScaleMeasurements
WA 1:100,000 surface geology (GeMS), Orientation 1:100,0009,929
Geologic Quadrangle map series GIS data (GQ24K 1:24,000 and GQ250K 1:250,000) GQ24K = 1:24,000 (Black Hills bedrock quads + eastern glacial quads); GQ250K = 1:250,000 sheets5,370
Rodgers-Compilations 1:50,0005,165
Merschat, A.J., Carter, M.W., Lynn, A.S., Weinmann, B.R., Odom, W.E., McAleer, R.J., Mahan, S.A., Stewart, K.G., Holm-Denoma, C.S., and Crider, E.A., Jr., 2026, Preliminary geologic map of the Sparta East, Sparta West, and parts of the Glade Valley and Whitehead 7.5-minute quadrangles, North Carolina and Virginia, and the epicentral area of the August 9, 2020, Mw 5.1 earthquake near Sparta, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2026–1010, 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000.2026 1:24,0004,597
DAS01 1:24,000–1:100,0004,510
adapted from: Merschat, Carl, Carter, Mark, and Wooten, Rick, 2008, Geologic Map of Blue Ridge Parkway (North Carolina portion): North Carolina Geological Survey, unpublished digita data, scale 1:240002015 240003,959
Snyder, G.L., 1980, Geologic map of the northernmost Park Range and southernmost Sierra Madre, Jackson and Routt Counties, Colorado; U.S. Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-1113, scale 1:48,000.2026 1:48,0003,358
BF24KNHVTDAS01 1:24,0002,935
Houston, R.S., and Graff, P.J., 1994, Geologic map of Precambrian rocks of the Sierra Madre, Carbon County, Wyoming, and Jackson and Routt counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-2452, scale 1:50,000.2025 1:50,0002,308
RMNP1 — https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/10389612019 2,151
DASCPNYVT001 1:24,0001,982
SIM bedrock quadrangle databases, New England 1:24,0001,816

Other measurement types